Polyprotic Acids and Beyond—An Algebraic Approach

نویسندگان

چکیده

For an N-protic acid–base system, the set of nonlinear equations (i.e., mass action and balance laws) provides a simple analytical solution/formula for any integer N ? 1. The approach is applicable general case zwitterionic acids HNA+Z (e.g., amino acids, NTA, EDTA), which includes (i) “ordinary acids” as special (Z = 0) (ii) surface complexation. Examples are presented 1 to 6. high-N perspective allows classification equivalence points (including isoionic isoelectric points). Principally, there two main approaches acids: one from hydrochemistry “outside inorganic hydrochemistry”. They differ in many ways: choice reference state (either HNA or A?N), reaction type (dissociation association), type/nature acidity constants, structure formulas. Once (nonlinear) conversion between established, we obtain systematics constants (macroscopic, microscopic, cumulative, Simms). Finally, viewpoint statistical mechanics (canonical isothermal–isobaric ensemble), buffer capacities, intensities, higher pH derivatives actually fluctuations form variance, skewness, kurtosis.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Chemistry

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['2624-8549']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry3020034